What was the result of the Thirty Years War according to the Peace of Westphalia?
The Treaty of Westphalia is signed, ending the Thirty Years’ War and radically shifting the balance of power in Europe. As a result of the Treaty of Westphalia, the Netherlands gained independence from Spain, Sweden gained control of the Baltic and France was acknowledged as the preeminent Western power.
How many Germans died 30 years war?
Considered one of the most destructive wars in European history, estimates of military and civilian deaths range from 4.5 to 8 million, while up to 60% of the population may have died in some areas of Germany….Thirty Years’ War.
| Date | 1618 to 1648 |
|---|---|
| Location | Europe, mainly present-day Germany |
| Result | Peace of Westphalia |
What area was severely devastated by the Thirty Years War?
This started re-Catholicization of the Czech lands, but also triggered the Thirty Years’ War, which spread to the rest of Europe and devastated vast areas of central Europe, including the Czech lands.
What made the thirty years war so bloody?
In the Thirty Years War, the stakes were too high to simply make peace. People were fighting to reassert the Imperial constitution; to beat back Protestantism or Catholicism; to undo the Hapsburg hegemony creeping over western Europe; to put their nation on the map as a Great Power.
What territorial changes resulted from the Peace of Westphalia ended the 30 year war?
What territorial changes resulted from the Peace of Westphalia, ending the 30 Years’ War? The Holy Roman Empire was united under a single ruler. Spain separated from the Hapsburg empire. The Netherlands and the Swiss Confederation became independent states.
What caused the Peace of Westphalia?
Two destructive wars were the major triggers behind signing the eventual Peace of Westphalia: the Thirty Years’ War in the Holy Roman Empire and the Eighty Years’ War between Spain and the Dutch Republic. The Thirty Years’ War was a series of wars in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648.
Which municipality became the strongest after the Thirty Years War?
The major reason that France emerged stronger from this war was because Spain was hurt so badly by the war. The Spanish Habsburgs were hurt by the extent to which the Holy Roman Empire (also in Habsburg hands) was a loser in the war.
What was the aftermath of the 30 year war?
The general results of the war may be said to have been a tremendous decrease in German population; devastation of German agriculture; ruin of German commerce and industry; the breakup of the Holy Roman Empire, which was a mere shell in the succeeding centuries; and the decline of Hapsburg greatness.
What was the last battle of the Thirty Years War?
The next year, in the Battle of Prague – the last significant fighting in the Thirty Years’ War – the Swedes captured Prague Castle from the forces of the Holy Roman Empire (and looted the priceless art collection in the castle), but were unable to take the bulk of the city.
What was the disease in Italy after the Thirty Years War?
Local chronicles repeatedly referred to “head disease”, “Hungarian disease”, and a “spotted” disease identified as typhus. After the Mantuan War, between France and the Habsburgs in Italy, the northern half of the Italian peninsula was in the throes of a bubonic plague epidemic ( Italian Plague of 1629–1631 ).
Why did so many people die in the Thirty Years War?
As brutal as the fighting was in the Thirty Years’ War, hundreds of thousands died as a result of famine caused by the conflict as well as an epidemic of typhus, a disease that spread rapidly in areas particularly torn apart by the violence. Historians also believe the first European witch hunts began during the war,…
What was the outcome of the Battle of Herbsthausen?
Over the ensuing years, the French army had several notable victories, but also suffered significant defeats, particularly at the Battle of Herbsthausen in 1645. Also in 1645, the Swedes attacked Vienna, but were unable to capture the city from the Holy Roman Empire.
