What causes Microcystic adnexal carcinoma?
There are two suspected risk factors for microcystic adnexal carcinoma: Unprotected sun exposure. Previous radiation therapy.
What is adnexal skin cancer?
Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare, malignant appendage tumor commonly classified as a low-grade sweat gland carcinoma that typically occurs on the head and neck, particularly the central face. Microcystic adnexal carcinoma shows aggressive local invasion with rare reports of lymph node metastases.
What is eccrine carcinoma?
Eccrine carcinoma (EC) is a rare carcinoma that originates from the eccrine sweat glands of the skin and accounts for less than 0.01% of diagnosed cutaneous malignancies.
Is Desmoplastic Trichoepithelioma a cancer?
Desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (DTE) is an uncommon benign appendageal skin cancer with an incidence of two per 10,000 and amounts to less than 1% of all cutaneous tumors [1,2]. It is a clear-cut version of trichoepithelioma because of its unique clinical and histopathological features [3].
What causes adnexal carcinoma?
Although the exact cause of adnexal tumors is not clear yet, common risk factors include age and gender. While these tumors are more prevalent in middle-aged women, skin adnexal tumors equally affect males and females. The most malignant type is uterine adnexal tumor, especially in older women.
What is a Trichoepithelioma?
Trichoepithelioma is a rare benign skin lesion that originates from hair follicles. Trichoepitheliomas are mostly seen in the scalp, nose, forehead, and upper lip. These skin lesions originate from benign proliferation of epithelial-mesenchymal origin cells.
Are adnexal tumors malignant?
Adnexal tumors are growths that form on the organs and connective tissues around the uterus. Adnexal tumors are most often noncancerous (benign), but they can be cancerous (malignant). Adnexal tumors occur in the: Ovaries.
What causes Porocarcinoma?
Porocarcinoma is a rare sort of skin cancer developing from sweat glands, specifically, it is a malignancy of the eccrine sweat glands [1]. Its etiology is not well understood. However, some studies have showed that the tumor developed from a pre-existing eccrine poroma.
What does desmoplastic melanoma look like?
The main sign of desmoplastic melanoma is a spot that may look like a scar in texture and appearance. It tends to develop on the face, scalp, neck, and sun-exposed areas of the arms and legs. The spot can be any color but is most often pink or red.
How is microcystic adnexal carcinoma diagnosed in patients?
Patients with a diagnosis of microcystic adnexal carcinoma often present with advanced and deeply invasive lesions after years of slow growth and misdiagnosis. Perineural invasion is reported to be present in many cases particularly in the recurrent setting. Lymph node metastases rarely occur.
Can a desmoplastic adnexal tumor be separated from syringoma?
Separation from syringoma and desmoplastic trichoepithelioma is important as these are benign skin adnexal tumors. Both tumors are confined to the superficial and mid dermis and lack the diffusely infiltrative and deep growth of MAC. Reliable separation is often challenging and may be impossible on superficial biopsies.
Which is a rare form of eccrine carcinoma?
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the skin is a rare form of eccrine carcinoma of low-grade malignant potential. It is characterized by a proliferation of basaloid epithelial islands in the dermis exhibiting a prominent cribriform pattern of growth, similar to that observed in adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary glands.
