What is glenoid bone stock?
The GHSI is a measure of the centrality of the humeral head within the glenoid fossa in the axial plane. This index correlates with anterior and posterior glenoid bone loss, which correlates with premature glenoid hardware failure (10,18).
How is glenoid bone loss measured in CT?
The earliest sign of glenoid bone loss at CT is straightening of the normally curved anterior glenoid rim, which is known as the anterior straight line (2). The degree of glenoid bone loss can be quantified by comparing the maximum glenoid width on the affected side with that on the contralateral normal side (2).
What is normal glenoid version?
Normal glenoid version in most studies has been reported close to 0°, sometimes with slight anteversion but more often slight retroversion with values typically less than 10° in either direction [1–8]. Variance from normal version alters glenohumeral mechanics and may predispose to instability and arthropathy.
What is the most common glenoid wear pattern?
Cofield and Matsen have described posterior glenoid wear with varying degrees of posterior subluxation of the humeral head as the most common pattern of glenoid wear for primary osteoarthritis [20, 21].
What causes glenoid bone loss?
Glenoid bone loss is suggested when a patient recalls a high-energy injury mechanism, especially if the arm was abducted (70° or more) at that time. Patients with osseous defects usually complain of instability within the midranges of motion (20° to 60° of abduction) or recall a progression of instability.
What causes rotator cuff arthropathy?
What causes it? Cuff tear arthropathy is actually a type of wear and tear, or degenerative arthritis of the shoulder that develops over time after the rotator cuff is damaged. Normally, when the rotator cuff muscles contract, they pull the head of the humerus tightly into the socket of the shoulder.
How is glenoid bone loss calculated?
The line between the anterior margin of the circle and the anterior margin of an injured glenoid represents the size of the osseous loss. The size of the bone defect divided by the glenoid width and multiplied by 100 represents the percentage of glenoid bone loss [17].
What is reverse Hill-Sachs lesion?
Reverse Hill-Sachs lesion, also called a McLaughlin lesion, is defined as an impaction fracture of anteromedial aspect of the humeral head following posterior dislocation of the humerus. It is of surgical importance to identify this lesion and correct it to prevent avascular necrosis.
What is glenoid wear?
Introduction. Posterior glenoid wear is common in glenohumeral osteoarthritis. Tightening of the subscapularis causes posterior humeral head subluxation and a posterior load concentration on the glenoid. The reduced contact area causes glenoid wear and potentially posterior instability.
What is a glenoid?
The glenoid, or socket joint of the shoulder, is surrounded by a fibrocartilaginous supporting structure called the labrum. Injuries to the tissue surrounding the shoulder socket can be caused by acute trauma or repetitive shoulder motions.
What is the glenoid?
The head of the upper arm bone (humeral head) rests in a shallow socket in the shoulder blade called the glenoid. The head of the upper arm bone is usually much larger than the socket, and a soft fibrous tissue rim called the labrum surrounds the socket to help stabilize the joint.
What is glenoid deformity?
Glenoid Deformity in Osteoarthritis Glenoid deformity and glenohumeral subluxation. are commonly seen in the setting of primary osteo- arthritis of the glenohumeral joint. The glenoid. wear tends to occur posteriorly and may be best.
How to measure glenoid bone stock and version?
Glenoid bone stock, morphology, and version and the degree of fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff muscle are important factors in determining surgical strategies and predicting surgical outcomes and should be accurately documented in the radiology report.
How is CT used to assess glenoid bone loss?
Computed tomography (CT) is an accurate means of quantifying glenoid bone loss and shows good correlation with arthroscopy in this regard ( 1 ). The CT method for assessing glenoid bone loss relies on the reconstruction of a double oblique sagittal image en face to the glenoid surface ( 1 ).
Which is the best surgery for glenoid bone loss?
Thus, glenoid bone stock is an important determinant of surgical success and affects the type of surgical repair chosen (12 – 16). Patients with mild to moderate bone loss are treated with arthroscopic soft-tissue stabilization alone, whereas those with severe bone loss require bone augmentation with open surgery (12 – 16).
How old are patients with glenoid bone loss?
The study cohort comprised 176 patients with anterior shoulder dislocation who had undergone both shoulder MR imaging and CT examination with measurement of glenoid bone loss between 2007 and 2011. Patients ranged in age from 16 to 51 years (mean age ± standard deviation, 26.8 years ± 12.3).
